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MATERIAL SCIENCE XE SYLLABUS 2021

 Section 1 : Processing of Materials: Powder synthesis, sintering, chemical methods, crystal growth techniques, zone refining, preparation of nanoparticles and thin films  Section 2 : Characterisation Techniques: X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic techniques like UV-vis, IR, Raman. Optical and Electron microscopy  Section 3: Structure and Imperfections: Crystal symmetry, point groups, space groups, indices of planes, close packing in solids, bonding in materials, coordination and radius ratio concepts, point defects, dislocations, grain boundaries, surface energy and equilibrium shapes of crystals  Section 4: Thermodynamics and Kinetics: Phase rule, phase diagrams, solid solutions, invariant reactions, lever rule, basic heat treatment of metals, solidification and phase transformations, Fick’s laws of diffusion, mechanisms of diffusion, temperature dependence of diffusivity  Section 5: Properties of Materials: Mechanical Properties: Stress-strain response of metallic, ceramic and polym
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COMMON RAIL DIRECT INJECTION/ CDRi

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  COMMON RAIL DIRECT INJECTION/ CDRi: COMPONENTS, WORKING PRINCIPLE, FUNCTION AND ADVANTAGE/DISADVANTAGE Bosch launched the first common rail system in 1997. The system is named after the shared high-pressure reservoir (common rail) that supplies all the cylinders with fuel. With conventional diesel injection systems, the fuel pressure has to be generated individually for each injection. With the common rail system, however, pressure generation and injection are separate, meaning that the fuel is constantly available at the required pressure for injection. Common rail systems have a modular design. Each system consists of a high-pressure pump, injectors, a rail, and an electronic control unit. A common rail is one of the most important components in a diesel and gasoline direct injection system. The main difference between a direct and a standard injection is the delivery of fuel and the way how this one mixes with incoming air. In the direct injection system, the fuel is directly inj
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SPARK PLUG IMAGES

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 SPARK PLUG STRUCTURE CROSS SECTION OF SPARK PLUG    
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MATERIAL SCIENCE PRACTICE QUESTIONS

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  Question 1; Which of the following process is used for producing bainite? SOLUTION;                     Austempering is the process of formation of bainite.The advantages of austempering are improved ductility, decreased distortion.The microstructure of bainite consists of ferrite and cementite phases Question 2; While operating quenching process, the cracks are developed due to SOLUTION;                        Cracks in quenching is due to density difference and not due to thermal stresses. These quenching cracks can be avoided by martempering. QUESTIONS 3; The lattice structure of zinc is __________. SOLUTION;                                                                                                                                                     The lattice structure of zinc is hexagonal cubic packing. It has repeated stacking of  two  types of layers offset one from the other in an  "ABABAB.........."  pattern QUESTIONS 4; Engineering material is mostly ductile
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